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Mudras

What are mudras?

A mudra is a sacred and symbolic gesture found in yoga, Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism. The most well-known mudras are used during yoga and meditation practice as a means of channeling the flow of vital life force energy known as prana. The term translates from Sanskrit as "gesture," "mark" or "seal".


Across various religious and spiritual traditions, there are believed to be around 400 known mudras. In addition to their use as sacred and ritual gestures, they are employed in the iconography of Indian religions and are often used in Indian dance.


Each individual mudra has a unique symbolism and is thought to have a specific effects on the body and mind by clearing energetic pathways. Although hand (hasta) mudras are the most common in yoga, there are also body (kaya) and consciousness (citta) mudras.


Mudras have a powerful effect on your prana and are therefore typically performed alongside pranayama or meditation in order to amplify the effects of these practices. Hasta mudras tend to accompany postures such as padmasana (Lotus Pose), vajrasana (Thunderbolt Pose) or sukhasana (Easy Pose).


In Hatha yoga, there are many mudras that involve the internal actions of the throat, eyes, tongue, abdomen, diaphragm, pelvic floor, genitals, anus and other parts of the body.

The 5 Ayurveda Elements

Ether, Air, Fire, Water, and Earth, they not only make us what and who we are but also comprise the entire universe around us. Innerstanding the delicate balance of these 5 elements is fundamental in Ayurvedic science and will take your innerstanding of Doshas, Chakras, Mudras, and more to the next level.  According to Ayurvedic belief, all living and non-living entities are comprised of Panchamahabhuta, a Sanskrit concept that translates as ‘the 5 great elements’. 

It is also important to innerstand that each of these 5 subtle essences relate to our bodily senses. The tanmatras that make up the elements are:


1. Shabda (sound)

2. Roopa (vision)

3. Sparsha (touch)

4. Gnadha (smell)

5. Rasa (taste)


Each element has a unique composition of these tanmatra essences in different proportions.


During Ayurvedic yoga or meditation, it is possible to connect with the elements, both within your body and in the surrounding universe, by focusing on each of the 5 senses.

Explaining the Elements

1. Ether (Akash)


Ether is the most subtle and mystic element, the omnipresent space within which all objects in the universe exist. It is both nothing and everything. Some believe that Ether is also present in nuclear energy and all its unseen potential.


This element is connected to the Throat Chakra. The Throat Chakra, also known as the Vishudda Chakra, conducts energy between the lower body and the head. It is responsible for honest communication, self-expression, sincerity, and conscious creativity.


Although the Ether element cannot be perceived by the naked eye, we are able connect to it through the shabda  sound. Ether governs the sense of hearing and is associated with the ear organ.


The characteristics of Ether are empty, clear, light, soft and immeasurable. Ether is the dominant Ayurveda element in the Vata Dosha, along with Air. Consequently, the primary features of Vata dosha are cold, dry, and light.


2. Air (Vayu)


Vibrations in the Ether create Vayu. Although Vayu translates directly as Air, this element represents all forces of movement and motion that occur within the universe and within our bodies.


Gravity, moon cycles, tides, winds, thermodynamics, blood circulation, joint movement, and nerve impulses are all a function of Vayu. Some believe that it also manifests as electric energy in the world around us.


This element is connected to the Heart Chakra, also known as the Anahata chakra, which occupies a central place in the Chakra system. It is the energy center for love, compassion, and acceptance in our physical, emotional, and spiritual lives.


When we practice heart opening, we open the gateway to our deepest vulnerabilities. We can connect with Air through sparsha, the sense of touch. Air governs our ability to feel and is closely linked with the skin organ.


The characteristics associated with Air are mobile, dry, light, cold, rough and subtle. Air and Ether combine to form Vata, the strongest Dosha in the body.


3. Fire (Agni)


Ether and Air create the friction necessary for Agni, Fire.


The main functions of the Fire element are transformation, metabolism and digestion. Agni is also believed to be strongly linked with sources of radiant energy, such as the sun or the light from a candle (or, of course, a fire).


The Fire element is connected to the Solar Plexus Chakra, which is responsible for our Agni, otherwise known as digestive fire. The Solar Plexus Chakra, also known as the Manipura Chakra, is the third energy center in the body and the foundation of strength, willpower, vitality, ego and general go-getter energy.


This element is associated with roopa (the sense of vision) and linked to the eyes. Heat, brightness, shine and sharpness are its primary qualities. Fire is also one of the main components of Pitta: the combination of fire and water. The Pitta Dosha is responsible for digestion, metabolism and clarity of thought. Similar to the properties of Agni, Pitta is hot, light, penetrating, and sharp.


4. Water (Jal)


When fire cools, condensation begins to form. The Water element is mainly concerned with transportation. In the body, it manifests as plasma, lymph, blood, urine, and saliva, anything that facilitates the transportation of nutrients and the expulsion of toxins.


It is also linked to the act of reproduction and, as one of the world’s best solvents, associated with chemical energy.


This element is connected to the Sacral Chakra, also known as the  Svadhishthana chakra, and is responsible for creativity, emotional well-being, love and sensuality. Just like bodies of water, we are at our best when we are free flowing, not stagnant or blocked.


Water is associated with rasa, the sense of taste, and is therefore closely linked to the tongue. The qualities associated with Water are liquid, cool, dull, oily and soft. The Kapha Dosha is made up of Earth and Water elements and is characterized by coldness, heaviness, steadiness, softness, and stability.


5. Earth (Prithvi)


Water dries to reveal the solid particles that make up Earth. The main function of Earth is to provide structure. In our body, it manifests as bones, muscle, teeth and other hard structures that give us shape and protection. It is also present in food, shelter and mechanical energy.


Earth governs our sense of smell, gnadha, and is linked to the nose. It also influences the action of excreting waste.


This element is connected to the Root Chakra, also known as the Muladhara chakra, and is responsible for instinctual needs such as food, shelter, survival, and sex. The Earth element is directly linked to our ability to dig in and feel firmly rooted, physically, mentally and spiritually.


The qualities of Earth are heavy, rough, dense, hard and gross. Earth combines with Water to form the Kapha Dosha, which has similar properties.

The Ayurveda Elements And Mudras

A simple but super effective way to ground yourself and connect with the Ayurvedic elements is to practice hand mudras.


According to Ayurveda, each finger corresponds with a different tattva (element). As such, when you perform a mudra, your fingertips create an energetic circuit that connects and stimulates the elements.


1. Thumb – represents the Fire element

2. Index Finger – represents the Air element

3. Middle Finger – represents the Ether element

4. Ring Finger – represents the Earth element

5. Pinky Finger – represents the Water element

What Do You Use Mudras For?

Mudras are used to direct the body’s energy flow which is the same basis behind yoga, qi gong, reiki, and meditation. Mudras are most typically used during meditation to create certain effects and bring one into a deeper state of harmony. However, they can be used at any point throughout the day as you see fit.


Working with mudras during your meditation practice can help you amplify your intention, gain clarity, and release blockages with ease. You can incorporate these with pranayama techniques that work to extend the breath as well as the life force energy, or prana within you. 

Chakra Mudras

Root Chakra

OTHER NAMES: PRAN MUDRA, LIFE MUDRA

ELEMENT: EARTH

CHAKRA LOCATION: TAILBONE

CHAKRA COLOR: RED

CHAKRA FUNCTION: SAFETY, SECURITY, FEAR, GROUNDING


1. PLACE THE TIPS OF YOUR THUMB AND LITTLE FINGER TOGETHER

2. NOW ADD YOUR RINGER FINGER

3. EXTEND THE OTHER FINGERS

STRAIGHT OUT

4. DO THIS WITH BOTH HANDS


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE WITH YOUR EXTENDED FINGERS ON THE GROUND AROUND THE LEVEL OF YOUR TAILBONE AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Sacral Chakra

OTHER NAMES: DHYANI MUDRA,

CONTEMPLATION MUDRA

ELEMENT: WATER

CHAKRA LOCATION: LOWER ABDOMEN, HIP AREA

CHAKRA COLOR: ORANGE

CHAKRA FUNCTION: REPRODUCTION, SEXUALITY, CREATIVITY


1. FACE BOTH PALMS UP, SLIGHTLY CUPPED

2. REST THE LEFT HAND ON TOP OF THE RIGHT

3. GENTLY TOUCH YOUR THUMB TIPS TOGETHER

4. DO THIS WITH BOTH HANDS


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE IN YOUR LAP OR AROUND YOUR HIP AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Solar Plexus Chakra

OTHER NAMES: RUDRA MUDRA

ELEMENT: FIRE

CHAKRA LOCATION: STOMACH AREA

CHAKRA COLOR: YELLOW

CHAKRA FUNCTION: SELF-CONFIDENCE, INNER POWER


1. PLACE THE TIP OF YOUR THUMB

AND INDEX FINGER TOGETHER

2. NOW ADD YOUR RING FINGER

3. KEEP THE OTHER TWO FINGERS

EXTENDED BUT IN A RELAXED MANNER

4. DO THIS WITH BOTH HANDS.


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE AROUND YOUR STOMACH AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Heart Chakra

OTHER NAMES: PADMA MUDRA,

LOTUS MUDRA

ELEMENT: AIR

CHAKRA LOCATION: HEART AND CHEST

CHAKRA COLOR: GREEN

CHAKRA FUNCTION: COMPASSION,

LOVE


1. TOUCH THE OUTER EDGES OF

BOTH THUMBS

2. TOUCH THE OUTER EDGES OF

BOTH PINKIES, THEN REST THE

HEELS OF YOUR PALMS TOGETHER

4 EXTEND THE OTHER FINGERS

OUTWARD, LIKE YOUR HANDS ARE A

BLOSSOMING FLOWER


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE AROUND YOUR HEART/CHEST AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Throat Chakra

OTHER NAMES: GRANTHITA MUDRA,

GLAND MUDRA

ELEMENT: SPACE

CHAKRA LOCATION: THROAT

AND NECK AREA

CHAKRA COLOR: BLUE

CHAKRA FUNCTION: COMMUNICATION, SELF-EXPRESSION


1. CLASP BOTH YOUR HANDS TOGETHER WITH YOUR FINGERS INTERLACED

2. HAVE YOUR LEFT INDEX FINGER

AND LEFT THUMB TOUCHING

3. ENSURE YOUR LEFT INDEX & THUMB ARE ON TOP OF YOUR RIGHT HAND


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE AROUND YOUR THROAT AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Third-Eye Chakra

OTHER NAMES: KALESVARA MUDRA

ELEMENT: LIGHT

CHAKRA LOCATION: MIDDLE OF

FOREHEAD

CHAKRA COLOR: DEEP VIOLET, INDIGO

CHAKRA FUNCTION: INTUITION,

WISDOM, ENLIGHTENMENT


1. PLACE THE PADS OF YOUR MIDDLE FINGERS TOGETHER

2. PRESS THE FIRST TWO INDEX FINGER JOINTS TOGETHER AND TOUCH THE TIPS OF YOUR THUMBS TOGETHER

3. RELAX THE REMAINING TWO FINGERS, AND HAVE YOUR THUMBS POINTING INWARD TOWARD YOUR CHEST, EXTEND YOUR ELBOWS OUTWARD A BIT


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE AROUND YOUR CHEST AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Crown Chakra

Crown Chakra

Crown Chakra

OTHER NAMES: UTTARABODHI MUDRA, HIGHEST ENLIGHTENMENT MUDRA

ELEMENT: DIVINE CONSCIOUSNESS

CHAKRA LOCATION: TOP OF HEAD

CHAKRA COLOR: WHITE, GOLD, WHITISH-VIOLET

CHAKRA FUNCTION: SPIRITUALITY,

DIVINE GUIDANCE


1. CLASP YOUR HANDS TOGETHER WITH YOUR FINGERS INTERLACED

2. EXTEND YOUR INDEX FINGERS AND PRESS THEM ENTIRELY

AGAINST EACH OTHER

3. ALLOW THE TIPS OF YOUR THUMBS TO TOUCH AND POINT DOWN TOWARDS THE GROUND


MUDRA LOCATION: HOLD THE GESTURE AROUND YOUR STOMACH AREA IN A RELAXED MANNER.

Three Common Mudras for Meditation

Namaskar Mudra

Gyan (Jnana Mudra)

In this mudra, we join the palms and fingers together in a prayer position in front of your heart. This mudra joins elements together and balances both sides of the body. It invokes the feeling of calmness and compassion.

Gyan (Jnana Mudra)

Gyan (Jnana Mudra)

This is one of the most commonly practiced mudras in meditation. It is the mudra for wisdom, focus, and internal awareness.


When the sun is up, face your palms upward to receive the energy of the sun. When the sun has set, face your palms downward to keep the sun’s energy you received during the day.   


In this mudra we bring the thumb fire element and index air element together to burn the air and decrease vata (air) energy, helping us to concentrate better. To explain further, too much of the air element disturbs the mind. Decreasing the air element using the fire element helps to decrease mental disturbances.

Vayu Mudra

Vayu Mudra

This mudra is created by folding your index finger into the base of the thumb and then crossing your thumb over the index finger.  


This mudra is not to be confused with Gyan Mudra. They are similar in their positioning of the hands and effect however, in Vayu Mudra we use it to vastly decrease the vayu air element. If the air element dominates the body, then  there is too much stress and anxiety issues, skin infections or too much air in the intestine.

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